Discuss any 3 functions of operating systems.(9 marks)2. Discuss any 3 :: Computer Science

Discuss any 3 functions of operating systems.(9 marks)2. Discuss any 3 factors affecting the choice of an operating systems.(9 marks)3. Discuss the following types of operating systems. Multi tasking duty assignment 91. Discuss any 3 functions of operating systems.(9 marks)2. Discuss any 3 factors affecting the choice of an operatingsystems.(9 marks)3. Discuss the following types of operating systems.- Multi tasking- Multi process- Multi user- Real time(12 marks)1. 3 functions of operating systems are as followa) Manage the data processor resources such as central processing unit,memory, record book drives and printer. In other words it acts like atranslator which allows the lotion software to communicate withthe computer hardware.b) Caretaker which making sure that date is saved in the right place,programs are loaded into memory properly and that the computersfiling system is all kept in order.c) Execute and provide services for applications software in otherwords as system t ools (programs) used to monitor computer performance,debug problems, or maintain parts of the system. A set of libraries orfunctions which programs whitethorn use to perform specific tasks especiallyrelating to interfacing with computer system components.2. 3 factors affecting the choice of an operating system are asfollowa) election of processor and hardware for example if server machine is aSun computer then will be forced to use Solaris which is Suns versionof UNIX.b) A hardware or software protocol, contained in the electronics ofthe disk controller and disk drive, that manages the exchange of databetween the drive and computer. The most common interfaces for smallcomputer systems are AT (IDE) and SCSI.c) Compatibility of computer networks types including LANs and WANs,for example UNIX and Window NT are usually use to become the mainframeof WANs networking system.3.a)Multi tasking - In a multitasking operating system where six-foldprograms can be running at the same time, the operating systemdetermines which applications should run in what order and how muchtime should be allowed for each application before giving anotherapplication a turn. Examples of multi tasking operating system areUNIX and Window 2000.b)Multi processing - An operating system capable of supporting andutilizing more(prenominal) than one computer processor for example Linux, UNIX,Windows 2000.c)Multi user - A multi user operating system allows for multiple users

Essay --

Brady FletcherMrs. StoneAdvanced English III12. Dec. 2013Robert E. leewardAmerica has had umteen people that view made a overconfident contravention to this estate by showing perseverance and putting others first for the greater good for the cause. People from low levels of society and from high levels of society have contributed to depart this to become great. Robert E. lee(prenominal) and his family did not enjoy fantastic wealth (Ameri scum bag Experience). Robert E. lee side had an impact on this nation from the military standpoint. He had many difficult choices and decisions to make, like to stay with Virginia or to lead the Union Army. Lee served his country with everything he had. He fought on the battlefield, and commanded troops to victories and defeats. Lee never complained around the situation he was in or gave up when the going got tough. How did Robert E. Lees successful military career affect his aliveness and how is he considered a prominent figure in American history?Lee didnt grow up in a real wealthy family although his family held a grade in Virginias ruling elite. His father Henry Lee, in any case known as Light-Horse Harry, was a cavalry leader during the Revolutionary war. Like his father, Robert E. Lee also took the military route when he enrolled in the Military Academy at West Point where he rapidly grew in ranks and graduated endorse in his class of 1829 (American Experience). After graduating from West Point Lee took the job as an officer in the corps of Engineers, where he administrate and inspected the nations coastal defenses. Lee did this for 17 years without having any experience on the field of war. All of this would change very soon for Lee when he would finally set foot on the battle field in Mexico in 1846. Lee r... ...uch to defeat. Lee has had many ups and downs during military career. Because of this, people project to Robert E. Lee as a very good man. He showed loyalty, dedication, and rel entless pursue for victory. He truly is a person that you can model your life later on and learn some valuable life lessons from him. His courageous and brave lifestyle should be recognized as a prominent figure in fall in States history. Lee taught people what it meant to be a true American dedicated to make this nation be as good as it can be. He also faced many tough decisions in war whether it was to attack, retreat, or to surrender. Although people make tough decision every day of their life, they bustt compare to the decisions that Lee had to make. Lees decisions lead to the death of soldiers in a winning or losing effort. Also his decisions made an impact on the get together States. Essay -- Brady FletcherMrs. StoneAdvanced English III12. Dec. 2013Robert E. LeeAmerica has had many people that have made a positive difference to this nation by showing perseverance and putting others first for the greater good for the cause. People from low levels of society and from high levels of society have contributed to change this to become great. Robert E. Lee and his family did not enjoy fantastic wealth (American Experience). Robert E. Lee had an impact on this nation from the military standpoint. He had many difficult choices and decisions to make, like to stay with Virginia or to lead the Union Army. Lee served his country with everything he had. He fought on the battlefield, and commanded troops to victories and defeats. Lee never complained about the situation he was in or gave up when the going got tough. How did Robert E. Lees successful military career affect his life and how is he considered a prominent figure in American history?Lee didnt grow up in a real wealthy family although his family held a position in Virginias ruling elite. His father Henry Lee, also known as Light-Horse Harry, was a cavalry leader during the Revolutionary war. Like his father, Robert E. Lee also took the military route when he enrolled in t he Military Academy at West Point where he rapidly grew in ranks and graduated second in his class of 1829 (American Experience). After graduating from West Point Lee took the job as an officer in the corps of Engineers, where he supervised and inspected the nations coastal defenses. Lee did this for 17 years without having any experience on the field of war. All of this would change very soon for Lee when he would finally set foot on the battle field in Mexico in 1846. Lee r... ...uch to defeat. Lee has had many ups and downs during military career. Because of this, people look to Robert E. Lee as a very good man. He showed loyalty, dedication, and relentless pursue for victory. He truly is a person that you can model your life after and learn some valuable life lessons from him. His courageous and brave lifestyle should be recognized as a prominent figure in United States history. Lee taught people what it meant to be a true American dedicated to make this nation be as good as it can be. He also faced many tough decisions in war whether it was to attack, retreat, or to surrender. Although people make tough decision every day of their life, they dont compare to the decisions that Lee had to make. Lees decisions lead to the death of soldiers in a winning or losing effort. Also his decisions made an impact on the United States.

Its Time to Declare English the Official Language Essay -- Argumentat

Its Time to Declare face the Official LanguageIn no way would having English as the official dustup intrude upon anyones private life, business, or day-to-day living. Official English applies only to the conduct of government business. -S.I. HayakawaAmerica today is a melting pot of opposite societies. Everywhere, in every city and in every state, there are Germantowns, and Chinatowns, and Greektowns. America has certainly developed into one big multicultural society. With the many variant cultures, come the many different languages as well. When a person imagines the language of the get together States, naturally most believe that English is the national language. America, however, does not consent an official language. According to the Center of Immigration Studies, more than 300 languages are currently spoken in the United States (U.S. Bureau of the Census). Immigration in the United States is a positive event that cannot be altered no matter what actions are taken against it. Immigration, in fact, has many positive influences upon this great nation. With the positive cause on this country in like manner come the harmful effects. If America wants to continue to live harmoniously with the multitude of different cultures, the first step would be to draw in English the official language of the United States of America.Today, 1.9 billion people speak the English language more than one-third of humanity (U.S. Bureau of the Census). English is also the national language of many countries- countries with a multiple of different cultures- including India and several populous countries in Africa. People in those countries use English to conduct unwashed and o... ...for our flag. It was not easy, but they did it the beautiful thing was we were united. A World War I Veteran told me that when he came to this country from Poland, he did not speak a word of English, nor did his parents. He said h e learned English and spoke it well enough to get by. This is America, he said, and it is only right to honor its language. When asked if he felt if his love and pride for his own country had faltered, he gave a stern no.English is the language of freedom, commerce and opportunity around the world. Declaring English the official language of the United States of America will honestly do no harm. In the end, only positive effects could come out of the pecker because the day-to-day lives of a common citizen would rarely be altered. Declaring English the national language is the right and honorable thing to do. Now lets do it.

Ray Bradbury :: essays research papers

Ray Bradbury     Ray Bradbury has been considered one of Americas greatestscience-fiction writers. His work a lot satires human nature and showshis readers the flaws found deep within the individual. Not only isBradbury a novelist, exactly he is also a , short-story writer, essayist,playwright, screenwriter, and poet      Bradbury was natural in Waukegan, Illinois on August 22, 1920, thethird son of Leonard Spaulding Bradbury and Esther Marie MobergBradbury. In 1926 Ray Bradburys family moved from Waukegan, Illinoisto Tucson, Arizona, only to return to Waukegan again in May 1927. By1931 (the interpenetrate of the Great Depression) he began writing his ownstories on butcher paper. In 1932, after his father was laid off his job asa environ lineman, the Bradbury family again moved to Tucson andagain returned to Waukegan the following year. In 1934 the Bradburyfamily moved to Los Angeles, California.      Bradbury graduate d from a Los Angeles High School in 1938. Hisformal education ended there, but he furthered it by himself. He went tothe library by night and by day at he worked at his typewriter. He soldnewspapers on Los Angeles lane corners from 1938 to 1942.Bradburys first story publication was "Hollerbochens Dilemma," printedin 1938 in Imagination, an amateur fan magazine. In 1939, Bradburypublished four issues of Futuria Fantasia, his own fan magazine,contributing more of the published material himself. Bradburys firstpaid publication was "Pendulum" in 1941 to Super Science Stories. In1942 Bradbury wrote "The Lake," a short story later added to a solicitationof short stories called The October Country. This was the story in whichBradbury discovered his distinctive writing style. By 1943 he had givenup his job selling newspapers and began writing full-time, contributing many short stories to periodicals. In 1945 his short story "The BigBlack and White Game" wa s selected for Best American Short Stories. In1947 Bradbury married Marguerite McClure, and that alike year hegathered much of his best material and published them as , his firstshort story collection.      His reputation as a take writer of science fiction was establishedwith the publication of in 1950 (published in England under the titleThe Silver Locusts), which describes the first attempts of Earth people toconquer and annex Mars, the constant thwarting of their efforts by thegentle, telepathic Martians, the eventual colonization, and finally theeffect on the Martian settlers of a massive nuclear war on Earth. Asmuch a work of social criticism as of science fiction, The MartianChronicles reflects some of the prevailing anxieties of America in the early

Basilica San Zeno Maggiore: Vernona, Italy Essay -- Italy Monuments Ge

basilica San Zeno Maggiore Vernona, Italy?On the west side of Verona Italy stands one of the urban center?s two beautiful basilicas, the Basilica San Zeno Maggiore.? The older of the two basilicas, San Zeno dates back to the year 1030.? Notable for her Romanesque style, San Zeno is equally fascinating to the modern viewer as she is historically significant.? There are two regional forms of Italian basilicas of the Medieval period Tuscan and southern.? San Zeon is considered to be the most Romanesque basilica in Northern Italy. ?Origin and Contributors ?The basilica was first constructed in honor of the city of Verona?s patron saint, San Zeno.? Paleo-Christian in origin, the church is commonly stated to have been constructed from 1120 to 1138.? However, some of the oldest parts of the building are assumed to have been worked on as early as the 4th century.? Several reconstructions were done from the 4th to the 14th centuries (at least three that are known of) because of damage by n atural disasters.? The building underwent reconstruction after the earthquake of 1137 and was finished in 1386 with the addition of the nave ceiling.? It is unclear who the original architect was, but it is known that Andrea Mantegna was the constructor responsible for the altarpiece, on cast of writing on it that would signify his work.? However, many historians suggest that Mantegna played a larger role in the development of the building than just the altarpiece.? The Bronze door panels on the West entrance are said to reflect the work of three separate craftsmen from the 11th and 12th centuries.?Several structures of the church are value mentioning and make San Zeno unique for her time period.? The main plan of the church was modeled aft... ...zes with beauty the Italian fervor for highly developed, highly detailed art and craftsmanship.? ?Today, the church of San Zeno attracts tourists from all areas.? However, it seems that this particular basilica is greatly overlooked by the broad interest in Roman architecture and culture.? Though Rome certainly contains the richest inheritance of the Catholic faith, San Zeno Maggiore should be considered an important site for both Romanesque architecture and religious history.? 1 Smith, G. E. Kiddler.? Looking at Architecture, p. 48.2 Porter, Darwin & Prince, Danforth (2000).? Frommer?s 2000 Italy.? MacMillan USA.3 Italy Eyewitness Travel Guides.? DK Publishing.4 Leyerle, John (1997).? The Rose-Wheel Design and Dante?s Paradiso.? UTQ, 1565Kain, Evelyn (1981).? The Marble Reliefs on the Faze of S. Zeno, Verona.? The Art Bulletin,63.

Basilica San Zeno Maggiore: Vernona, Italy Essay -- Italy Monuments Ge

Basilica San Zeno Maggiore Vernona, Italy?On the west side of Verona Italy stands one of the city?s devil beautiful basilicas, the Basilica San Zeno Maggiore.? The older of the two basilicas, San Zeno dates back to the year 1030.? Notable for her Romanesque style, San Zeno is equally fascinating to the modern viewer as she is historically significant.? There are two regional forms of Italian basilicas of the Medieval period Tuscan and southern.? San Zeon is considered to be the most Romanesque basilica in Northern Italy. ?Origin and Contributors ?The basilica was first constructed in honor of the city of Verona?s patron saint, San Zeno.? Paleo-Christian in origin, the church is commonly stated to concur been constructed from 1120 to 1138.? However, some of the oldest parts of the building are assumed to have been worked on as early as the 4th century.? Several reconstructions were done from the 4th to the 14th centuries (at least three that are known of) because of damage by natu ral disasters.? The building underwent reconstruction after the earthquake of 1137 and was finished in 1386 with the addition of the nave ceiling.? It is unclear who the original architect was, but it is known that Andrea Mantegna was the constructor liable for the altarpiece, on account of writing on it that would signify his work.? However, many historians suggest that Mantegna played a larger role in the development of the building than provided the altarpiece.? The Bronze door panels on the West entrance are said to reflect the work of three separate craftsmen from the 11th and 12th centuries.?Several structures of the church are worth mentioning and make San Zeno unique for her time period.? The main plan of the church was modeled aft... ...zes with beauty the Italian fervor for highly developed, highly detailed art and craftsmanship.? ?Today, the church of San Zeno attracts tourists from all areas.? However, it seems that this particular basilica is greatly overlooked by t he broad interest in Roman architecture and culture.? Though capital of Italy certainly contains the richest heritage of the Catholic faith, San Zeno Maggiore should be considered an important site for both Romanesque architecture and religious history.? 1 Smith, G. E. Kiddler.? Looking at Architecture, p. 48.2 Porter, Darwin & Prince, Danforth (2000).? Frommer?s 2000 Italy.? MacMillan USA.3 Italy Eyewitness Travel Guides.? DK Publishing.4 Leyerle, rear (1997).? The Rose-Wheel Design and Dante?s Paradiso.? UTQ, 1565Kain, Evelyn (1981).? The Marble Reliefs on the Faze of S. Zeno, Verona.? The Art Bulletin,63.

Looking for Alibrandi Essay

Good afternoons teachers and my peers, today I would like to give my speech about how education leads to a successful life. I am going to discuss three main points in my speech that are education provides a better quality of life, it expand people theme and helps people to learn values and morals.Firstly education provides better quality of life because it helps people to become successful and smart people by adult knowledge and ideas.Education is key to get good job. It will guide through your life it will help people what job they want to. In this website seek.com.au power was telling thatNow a day every job requires employee to be well- improve and industry are offering high salary jobs to highly educated people and educated people maintain good chance of getting better occupations. According to jobs qualification website authors was saying that without much education one mortal will end up working 50 hours a weeks while other person with better education makes more money in the one-half time.Secondly, Education expand people mind because it help us to understand this world. It teaches us how to make decision, how to think, how to work properly and how to cope with complicated things in life and it makes people hard workers and that give people freedom .it give us power to understand thing in our life and teach us to learn from different experience. An educated people have ability to modify their life in positive way. Without knowledge and Education people would not have develops a meaningful outlook of life.We learn values and moral in school through education that make us right thinkers and it help to come in good manners. We learn values like honesty, kindness that is important in our life. education help us to achieve Successful goal in our life.Educaton open our minds to outside world so it allow people to gain knowledge and values from other cultural. According to ask .com.au (website) author was telling that education help society in different useful ways and without education people would not have highly developed life to live mirthfully and peacefully so people need to have good education.Thank you for listen my speech

My Greatest Acheivements Essay

When I got the call from the volunteer services forthice a few days after my interview saying I had been chosen as a volunteer, I was ecstatic. Getting the opportunity to volunteer in a hospital and directly aid doctors and nurses over an entire summer was an honor and I learned many things approximately a doctor and nurses job from it. My second greatest achievement is starting a book blog, Hidden Gems to help ego-published authors commercialise their books.I started my blog Hidden Gems in August 2012, with the hope of reviewing books for self published authors and getting word out about their books. Shortly after move up my blog and spreading news about the self-published books I got 1000 views in one month. With the high growth of viewers and followers on my blog, I got emails from authors from Australia and publishing houses to review their books.I still try to help self-published authors out and review their books and advertise for them because many of them try to make a li ving off their books. Helping these published authors is one of my greatest achievements and through this blog Ive been able to meet other book fanatics like me and hold proper discussions about each book we read. I will continue to write on this blog as long as I can and help these self published authors. written by kchandwani21

The Roles and Achievements of Prime Ministers

Name Tutor Course Date The Roles and Achievements of Prime Ministers magic trick a Macdonald and Laurier Sir John a MacDonald was the first eyeshade minister of Canada and was the dominant exemplar of the Canadian confederation. He was born on the 11th January 1815 and passed on 6th June. His term in office was 18 years long which places him to the second longitudinal serving tip minister in Canada. He is the only one to ever win six majority governments (Hennessy 12). As for Sir Wilfrid Laurier, he was the seventh prime minister, Born on 20th November 1841 and passed on on the 17th February 1919.He was the first francophone prime minister and was considered one of the countries superb statesmen. As compared to his counter give way John a MacDonald, sir Wilfrid was also in the list of the longest serving prime ministers in Canada although him coming in as position four. Sir Wilfrid also contributed to the expanding of the confederation. Sir John MacDonald was born in Glasgow Sc otland was the third in a family of five while Sir Wilfrid laurier was born in Saint-lin Canada East and was the 7th generation of his family.MacDonalds parents decided that he should become a lawyer after his completion of schooling. It was a great choice for a boy who seemed to really admire studying and beside that he had an urgent to start earning cash in order to support his family since his fathers business ventures were failing. As compared to Macdonald Lauriers father was salutary up and by the age of eleven he was move to study in new Glasgow. Macdonald had a rather sorrowful and tragedous private life. When Sir Macdonald first came into office he was faced with major opposition.Nova Scotia was already threatening to contract from the confederation the Anglo-American relationships were in a poor state. In 1867 the first general elections were held and this is where MacDonald had his first major achievement. He was able to bring together Nova Scotia New Brunswick and the body politic of lower and Upper Canada to form the state of Canada of which guaranteed him election stress free. MacDonalds main vision was to enlarge the country and bring it together in unity. to a lower place his rule he rought British Colombia, PIE, and great North West territories into Canada all this for ? 300,000 (about $11,500,000 in modern Canadian dollars). Macdonalds still biggest achievement as a prime minister was the building of the Trans continental railway which was completed in 1891 (Leonardo 219). He also managed to create a god relationship with the United States procession to the challenge of the Northwest rebellion and his balancing of French and English interests in acceptable terms for most.Sir Wilfrid Laurier is known to have had a number of accomplishments as a prime minister. To begin with he was able to establish the department of labour and external affairs, he also managed to recruit immigrants into the west, and in 1905 he oversaw the creation of d evil provinces Alberta and Saskatchewan into the confederation which saw the creation of the last two provinces in the Northwest Territories (Picknett, Prince, Prior & Brydon 290). He also saw the beginning of the two new continental railways although the project was filled with scandals.He also made a deal with the united state for lower rates on natural products. The two prime ministers are to date considered being the greatest of all time. This Great statesmen had a couple of similarities if we scrutinses them properly. One similarity was that both(prenominal) of them were students of law. MacDonald studied law in Toronto where he traveled by boat whereas sir Wilfrid studied law in New Glasgow. These two men had a vision of the expansion of the country of Canada since both of them contributed to the change magnitude of the confederation.Sir MacDonald helped bring the provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick together in 1867 to form Canada while Sir W ilfrid Laurier had the provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan created in 1905 which saw the last spit of the Northwest Territories. Sir Macdonald oversaw the establishments of the first transcontinental railway and Sir Wilfred Laurier also oversaw the establishment of tow more transcontinental. Sir MacDonald negotiated the relation ship with the United States and this was also exhibited by sir Wilfrid.The above similarities signify that both of the prime ministers were both devoted and dedicated to the development of Canada. These similarities only signify their similarities in ensuring a proper Canada but these two men had other similarities because they were both the first in whatever they did. MacDonald was the Prime minister of Canada while Sir Wilfrid Laurier was the first francophone prime minister. In the common life Sir MacDonald and sir laurier had a couple of differences .Sir MacDonald came from a family that was not all that well up as compare do to sir Wilfred, he studied law in order to be able to put a meal on his families table since all his fathers ventures were crumbling as compared to Wilfred who studied Law as his passion. Sir Wilfred and Sir MacDonald left a legacy in Canada and are both commemorated in big ways. some(prenominal) of them have the pleasure of having holidays celebrated in their hournor they both have avenues named in their respect such as the Laurier Avenue.These two statesmen had very minimal similarities and difference and these was repayable to their characters but both will live to be legends as far as Canada is concerned. Works Cited Hennessy, Peter. Prime Ministers The Office and its Holders since 1945. Cambridge Cambridge Press, 2001. Leonardo, Gordon. Review of Prosperity and Misery in Modern Bengal The Famine of 19231944. American Historical Review, 88. 4 (1983) 218 230. Picknett, Lynn, Prince, Clive, Prior, Stephen, and Brydon, Robert. War of the Windsors A Century of Unconstitutional Monarchy. Chicago Mainstream Publishing, 2002.

An analysis of the current activities of Cherwell District Council’s Environmental Services Department Essay

1.0 BackgroundCherwell District Councils Environmental Services Department is made up of two sections (Environmental Services and Amenity Services), which deliver a across-the-board range of diverse serve (see Table 1).Table 1. Services offered by the Environmental Services Department.Environmental ServicesAmenity ServicesFood recourse/Health and Safety in businessesWaste Collection/RecyclingAnimal Welfare/Dog Warden ServiceStreet CleaningPollution Control/ upset NuisancePest Control ServiceHealth Promotion and Disability IssuesEnvironmental Strategy/Agenda 21This report looks at some of the overhauls provided by the commercial team within environmental services who are responsible for viands/health and safety law enforcement, infectious disease control, food/water sampling, licensing/registration, complaint investigation and offering information and training.2.0 IntroductionThe majority of the activities of the commercial team are mandatory imposed on the Council by regulation such as the Food Safety Act and the Health and Safety at Work etc Act. The sections activities are also monitored through quarterly reports to the Chief Executive of the Council, the Food Standards Agency and The Health and Safety Executive.Despite the regulatory function of the section which is primarily the enforcement of the law, it none the less provides a service which is described as the combination of outcomes and experiences delivered to and received by a customer (Johnson & Clark, 2001 p9). Figure 1 lists some of the aspects of the service experience, which can be used when assessing the tint of the service provided.* the extent of personalisation of the process* the responsiveness of the service organisation* the flexibility of customer-facing staff* customer intimacy* the ease of access to service personnel or information systems* the extent to which the customer feels valued by the organisation* the courtesy

Relationship between Parent and Child Essay

When I was younger, scraped knees were a daily thing and whe neer that happened I would always run to the virtually of import person in my life for help my mom. To a tiddler, a nourish is someone that can care for and making love them. Children start their attachments during infancy. Moreover does a person have to be biologically related to be a parent to a child, and does it affect the relationship to a childs understanding. Of the many an(prenominal) different relationships we form over the course of a life span, the relationship amongst parent and child is among the close important. A baby cries, a parent feeds her a baby snuggles, a parent hugs her. When distressed, babies turn to the person who satisfies their needs. When babies or even children get hurt they rely on their parents for help. They would cry until safely in their mothers or fathers arms.see morelife in 2050 essayI know this because not only did I do that as a child but I have a little cousin, a niece, and nephew who would run to their parents every time they were hurt, even if it was a little scratch. However some children never experience love and compassion from their parents. Like lily form the book The Secret Life of Bees, her mother left her at a young age. Her father on the other hand, became cruel and mean toward lily. Given this, lily started heightening feelings of being unlovable. This leaves the child without a secure attachment and then doesnt stand a good chance of developing happy, competent relationships with others. Therefore, it goes to show that a child looks to their parents for care and love. By the closing curtain of the first year, most infants who are cared for in families develop and attachment relationship with their primary caretaker.Some dont believe this, they assume that children dont understand anything, therefore theyre unable to stool and attachment to a parent or the primary caregiver. But, research proves that a child will develop a strong bond wi th the one in most cases the parent, that takes care and loves the child. The attachment between a parent and child doesnt just stop there but grows more and more with behavior. The more the parent is a part of the childs life the more the child attaches to them. For me I am more attached to my mom than my dad and its because my dad is more boy type but my mom and I are like twin sisters, we understand each other like no one else would. I spend most of my days with her and because of that our relationship is stronger. Children attach to their parents, and thus theirrelationship becomes a stronger bond.Parental influence in the life of a child tells us how a child grows to understand life. I believe that a child without a mother loses certain aspects of life. And a child without a father loses a type of understanding and guidance in life. Without a parent the childs ability to do right fail and they end up looking for that guidance in the wrong groups such as gangs or groups doing dr ugs. Children need their parents and look up to them for guidance. In addition research proves that a parent does not have to be related to the child, what defines a parent is to be or act as parent of to parent children with both love and discipline. Lilys mom died and she was left with an abusive father so she ran away. In the end of the story, she discovered that even though her mother was gone she still and 3 other mothers who loved her.The absence of parental influence can affect a childs life negatively however, a parent doesnt have to be biologically related to be a caretaker. Of the many different relationships we form over the course of a life span, the relationship between parent and child is among the most important. Children need their parents for multiple reasons. Children need the love and care of their parents. The attachment a child has toward their parents only grows with closeness. Without that a child loses important understanding that only a parent could provide. I look up to my parents for guidance and I learn things from their wisdom. My parents are more important to me than anyone else. Whos the most important person in your life?

Al Qaeda Network

Al qaeda the terrorist network and Osama bin Laden have carried out a complicated media function and public relations over the last 10 years (qtd. in Bevy, 2006).As Bevy (2006) excerpted, terrorism-analyst think that these communications have been intended to draw out ablaze reactions and converse intricate political messages to a servicemanwide viewers as well as to explicit populaces in the Islamic world, the U.S., Asia, and Europe.A turn of events of analyst and officials consider that Al Qaedas messages hold signs that notify and educate operatives to get ready for and perform fresh attacks. lay in-Laden has referred to his public-statements as significant read/write head sources for parties in quest to know Al Qaedas political demands and ideology.Osama bin Ladens familiarities as a financier and logistical-coordinator for the Arab and Afghan splutter to the Soviet-Invasion of Afghanistan throughout the 198os are considered to have supplied backdrop for his principle that Islamics can obtain valuable military action motivated by Islamic principles (Bevy, 2006).According to Bevy (2006), his clear up to the philosophies of conservative Islamist-scholars in Saudi Arabia and his work with the Arab activist in Afghanistan offered the ideological and theological foundation for his principle in the interest of puritanical Salafist Islamic-reform in Muslim societies and the need of armed resistance in the countenance of perceived aggression an idea Al-Qaeda has since connected with a commonly-binding Islamic principle recognized as defensive-jihad (qtd. in Bevy, 2006).After a few years after he initiated setting up Arab volunteers to dispose of Soviet forces from Afghanistan, bin-Laden had a vision the instant had come, he cognizant his friends, to start a global jihad, or Islamic holy-war, in against to the crooked secular-governments of the Muslim Middle East and Western-powers that maintained them (New York Times, 2001).Bin Laden, the Saudi millionai re, would utilize his campgrounds in Afghanistan to obtain holy-warriors from aroundthe-world who had at all times followed local goals and figure them into an international-network which would wrestle to convey all Muslims under a militant-version of Islamic law. At some stage in the anti Soviet jihad Bin-Laden and his combatants have been given American and Saudi funding a number of analysts think Bin-Laden himself had security-training from the C.I.A. (BBC, 2004).Following the Iraqi-invasion of Kuwait, Bin Laden articulated these analyses in resistance to the beginning of foreign military-forces to Saudi Arabia. Bin Laden illustrated the presence of non-Muslim troops and U.S. in Saudi Arabia following 1991 Gulf-War as reason for transformed commitment to defensive jihad and the endorsement of violence against the United States and Saudi government.What is Al Qaeda?Any number of theories has been advanced as to the origins of the name Al Qaeda, from a reference to a computer fil e revealing the identities of Arab veterans of the Afghanistan conflict (the database), to Osama bin Ladens alleged high tech headquarters, deep in the mountains of Afghanistan (the secret base), drawings of which impressive though entirely fictitious were produced by the American media when U. S. operations began in October 2001 (Chaliand & Blin, 2007).The name Al Qaeda, which instantly became the pore of the media attention following the August 1998 U. S. embassy bombings had long had mythical status. According to Chaliand and Blin (2007) Osama bin Laden himself had contributed to the mystery surrounding the name by never uttering it prior to the events of family 11. The groups leaders, in their internal communications, usually referred to it as the society, an internationally neutral appellation.In fact, it was Abdallah Azzam who had named the organization in 19888, the first signs of a Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan, Azzam decided that he would not disband the Army of Ara b volunteers he had created four years earlier but would use it to undertake a much vaster mission re-conquest of the Muslim world (Chaliand & Blin, 2007).To that end, he needed a standing vanguard of fighters to serve as leaders of the umma he coined the term al-qaeda al-sulbah (the solid base) for this, which was also the headline of an tower he wrote in al-Jihad in 1988.

Juvenile Justice reform Essay

I would like to make some recommendations on upstart Justice reform as new people atomic number 18 important part of our population. First of all I would like to comment on insipid crime. Without any doubt,crime is one of the biggest problems society is facing today,and partly,the society is to blame for it. There should be some deterrents to make people fear the law. However,the prison is not eternally the best solution. Another way of punishing them is to get them to do some kind of fraternity divine service. Nevertheless,if people are sent to prison they whitethorn be pushed towards a life of crime.Therefore,they may become even hardened criminals. On the other hand,community service may cooperate integrate them into society. Another advantage of community service is that it is a cheaper alternative to prison as the offender continues to live at home. Besides,the offender is giving something back to the society instead taking from it. However,community service should,in my view,only be used as an alternative to prison when the crime comotted is minor,such a petty theft. Further more,I would suggest that young offenders should see the consequences of their actions and that they should be made to repay those they pee-pee robbed.I feel that it would be particularly beneficial for the victims of a crime. It seems that,while community service may work for some offenders,it fails for others. In my opinion it is better for offenders who hit commited a minor crime,who are not dangerous for the society. Certainly,hardened criminals should be sent to prison. Protection of the public may be effective as long as the prisoner is inside. It may prove ineffective in the long run once the prisoner is realised,unless the rehabilitation has taken office staff(education and job training should be prone in prison).As I mentioned above,the society is partly responsible for the youth criminal. Young offenders are not intrinsically bad,they are only reacting to the cond itions in which they are finding themselves. The governement should improve the welfare of young people and give them the opportunity to contribute to society. If a young person thinks he is a failure,he may be prone to violence,vandalism and crime. They should be given funds for education so that even those from the most disabled families have the oppurtunity to succeed in their life.The government should also help the talented youngsters,artists,musicians and subsidise their work. Without the financial help,they would not succeed and it would be a great loss for the whole society. The society should look after abandoned children and supply them with reasonable accomodation. Young people are different from adults. Their conflict during adolescence is caused by the fact that biological development is faster than social development. They want to be independent,but they cannot do it their life on their own.They have to learn that life is a hard struggle which includes big challenges they have to deal with. In society,teenagers are pressured to mature more quickly and have to make decisions regarding their education. The pressure to pass exams,to find a job,to master technology has become even greater. It is more difficult to find your place in society. It becomes more difficult to find and cultivate your own values. The environment is not the only cause of bad behaviour. People say that there has been a breakdown in discipline in the home.Children can no longer rely on their parents to be there to talk over their problems with them. Today? s mothers and fathers are busy following their career path,and many no longer have the energy to spend quality time with their children. Many youngsters are miscarry by their parents who try to calm their bad conscience by giving them money,but money is not always a good way to solve problems. This may cause difficulties for youngsters and it may be possible that they will not be able to overcome challenges and problems whi ch are common during their lifetime.Boredom may also be a cause of delinquency ,so it is extremely important to provide leisure facilities for young people,such as clubs and sports centres. In some communities there is very little to do in the evening ,and I propose that money should be set aside to provide it. This may involve some expenditure,but there should be a considerable reduction in crime. Furthermore,some television programmes and films contain bad language and violence and,in my opinion,there should be some censorship because some impressionable youngsters may write it.As I mentioned above,the problem is greater when there is nothing to do,because a young person is more likely to spend the whole day sodding(a) at a screen which may be extremely harmful for their health. It affects the eyesight and may cause back and neck problems. It cannot be good for young people to risk their life in that way. They should be made fully aware of the health benefits of exercising and th e dangers of obesity. Some exercise facilities should also be provided. I believe that my recommendations will be taken into consideration and that it will benefit the youngsters and help them grow into healthy and eminent citizens.

Introduction to Internet Addiction

Introduction to lowest income dependence Ten years ago, the only people who worn- aside(a) a majority of their leisure time on the computer were paid members of the technology industry. Today, however, surfing the meshwork has become a pastime as favorable and marketable as bar hopping or dismission to the movies. As the web has become a subroutine of mainstream life, some mental health professionals have observe that a percentage of people using the web do so in a set and out-of-control manner.In one extreme (1997)Cincinnati case, unemployed mother Sandra Hacker allegedly pass over 12 hours a day secluded from her three young and neglected children while she surfed the Web. For better or for worse, this phenomena of psychoneurotic internet enjoyment has been termed net dependency ground on its superficial similarity to common addictions such as smoking, drinking, and gambling. Internet Addiction has even been championed as an actual disorder, notably by psychologist s Kimberly Young, Ph. D and David Greenfield, Ph. D.. However, at this time the line up nature of Internet Addiction is not yet determined.In a true addiction, a person becomes obsessively dependent upon a particular kind of stimulation to the point where obtaining a steady supply of that stimulation becomes the sole and central focus of their lives. The addict increasingly neglects his work duties, relationships and ultimately even his health in his drive to remain stimulated. In some cases of addiction (such as addiction to alcohol or to heroin), a phenomenon known as tolerance occurs, wherein more and more stimulation is required to produce the same pleasurable effect.A related phenomena, withdrawal, can also occur, wherein the addicted person comes to be dependent upon their source of stimulation and experiences dramatically unpleasant (and even potentially lethal as can be the case with alcohol) reactions when he goes without it. Sources of addictive stimulation can be che mical (as is the case with addictive drugs such as alcohol, cocaine, nicotine and heroin), sensual (as in sex) or even developmental (as in gambling or workaholism).What all sources of addictive stimulation have in common is that they provoke a infrangible, usually positive (at first) reaction in the potential addict, who then seeks out the source of that stimulation so as to obtain that feeling on a regular basis. spot many people like to engage in sexual relations, or gamble, or have the occasionally drink beca pulmonary tuberculosis of the pleasure to be had, clearly not all people who do so argon addicts. Rather, the term ddiction only applies when someones stimulation seeking ticktocks to the point where it starts interfering with their ability to function normally and non-neglectfully at work and in relationships. Mental health professionals are split as to whether or not Internet addiction is real. No one disputes that some people use the Internet in a compulsive manner even to a point where it interferes with their their ability to function at work and in cordial relationships. What is disputed is whether people can become addicted to the Internet itself, or rather to the stimulation and information that the web provides.The controversy surrounding Internet Addiction is precisely whether people become addicted to the net itself, or to the stimulation to be had via the net (such as online gambling, crock or even simple parley with others via schmoose and bulletin boards). Some psychologists do not believe in addiction to the Internet itself, scarcely rather in addiction to stimulation that the Internet provides. They suggests that new Internet users often show an initial infatuation with the novelty of the Web, but eventually lose interest and decrease their time spent online clog to a normal, healthy amount.Those users who do go on to show compulsive Internet utilization, for the most part become compulsive only with regard to particular typ es of information to be had online, most often gambling, pornography, chat room or shopping sites. This is not an addiction to the Internet itself, but rather to risk-taking, sex, socializing or shopping. In essence then, the chief addictive characteristic of the Internet is its ability to enable instant and comparatively anonymous social stimulation. Addicted Internet users are addicted to a favored kind of social stimulation and not to the Internet itself, although it is also true that the Internet has made it vastly easier and more at ease for someone to develop such a compulsion. Because the Internet is used by many people as a normal part of their career or education, knowing how to separate excessive from normal use becomes difficult and cannot be accomplished using simple measures such as amount of time spent online in a given period. Most fundamental in differentiating normal from problem Internet use is the experience of compulsion to use the net.Normal users, no matter ho w heavy their usage, do notneedto get online and do not neglect their occupational duties or their relationships with family and friends to get online. Help for Internet related addiction is available from multiple sources. Anyone concerned about serious problem Internet usage should consider consulting with a local licensed psychologist, social worker or counselor, specifically one with experience treating addictions. Cognitive therapy based approaches are recommendable due to their systematic and direct focus on reducing problem use and preventing relapse, and the strong scientific support for the approach.Marital and or family therapy approaches may be useful as well when an individuals Internet Addiction is affecting their larger family system (such as might be the case when a husband uses Internet-based pornography as his sole sexual outlet, leaving his wife frozen out). More than a few books and self-help resources (such as audio tape sets) are also available for those who wan t to educate themselves on the problem. Our Internet Addiction Treatment article provides further detail.

Within the Context of the Period 1895-1995?

Within the context of the limit 1895-1995 to what extent were the anti-semitic policies implemented by the right lengthiness elites during the Vichy Regime from 1940-1944 a reflection of their popularity within France? To this day the period of cut Occupation and the Vichy Regime remains star of the most contentious and sensitive in redbrick cut history.After suffering a crushing military defeat to Germany in the summer of 1940 an armistice was subscribe and the country was divided the northern half of France including the capital was occupied by the German burdens and became the zone occupee and in the s go forthhern unoccupied zone, the zone libre, the autonomous yet collaborationist giving medication was none up in the town of Vichy headed by Marshal Philippe Petain. Petains g everywherenment collaborated with the German forces in deportation of some 75,000 Jews who perished in Auschwitz . JJ) These 4 old age in cut history which have be stick to known as the nightti me Years still to this day weigh heavily on the french national conscience. Consequently in post- verbalise of war France there was a widely shared desire to erase these diachronic period from French history. The French post-war leaders that had, for the most part, emerged from the shield attempted to erase Vichy from French history through not acknowledging the authorities as legitimate. De Gaulle refused announce the take a breatheroration of the French body politic n the grounds that it had never ceased to exist. De Gaulle had no need to march on examination of this shameful period of French History and instead went nigh reinterpreting the Vichy years as the years of the Resistance. provided this myth of the Resistance ignored many of the harsh and un plausive realities of French smell during the line. Robert Paxtons Vichy France Old Guard and smart Order marked the first phase of study of Vichy and was written at a time when the Gaullist myth was being questioned and challenged.His historical study somewhat dispelled the generally accepted and favour adequate view that Vichys collaboration was on the whole involuntary. In addition to this he association progressive instating Vichy into Frances wider historical context rather than allowing it to be viewed as an anomaly in Frances history. an separate(prenominal) work contemporary to Paxtons study was Marcel Ophuls The Sorrow and the Pity an unprecedentedly scathing film of the French tribe down the stairs Occupation. Both of these works challenged de Gaulles revised version of the French occupation and sought round to shed light on he true record of the Vichy Regime and France down the stairs occupation. Paxton dispelled the view that Vichy collaboration was entirely involuntary and that the line amid voluntary and involuntary collaboration ran between Laval and Petain. What this revealed is that the anti-Semitic views that the Vichy government pursue could not said to be fully e n coerce by the German occupiers. This gives rise to the debate to what extent were the policies followed by the Vichy regime actually their own or were they rather pursued out of necessity to maintain Frances sovereignty as Vichy sympathisers argued.Perhaps what was most abhorrent about the Paxtons study to the French public was that he made the bold program line that the spirit of the Vichy regime and its policies could be assimilated into the wider French semipolitical last which essentially is the suggestion that the antisemitism that proliferated under Vichy was not exclusively posit in Vichy. Similarly Ophuls documentary suggests that the attitudes adopted by the French public presents a social grow where anti-Semitism was acceptable.However it moldiness be acknowledged that whilst the abovementioned present a scathing unfavourable depiction of French social and political culture this by no means nates be said to , as Julian Jackson writes The history of the Occupa tion should be written not in black and white, precisely in shades of grey. (JJ) Jackson here comments the complexity of the period of Occupation and the Vichy regime itself whilst Vichy followed policies of anti-Semitism it set about protecting French Jews from the extremities of the German occupation.Whilst the public opinion shag be described as attentiste indifference to the Jews fate didnt mean the French public readyly boost the persecution of the Jewish tribe. In considering the extent to which Vichys policies are a reflection of their popularity in France requires an appreciation of the inherently nuanced nature of the period. The debate between whether Vichys collaboration with Germany was voluntary or involuntary is important in forming a judgement on the motives behind the policies the regime implemented.It is noteworthy that both Laval and Petain believed that Germany had won the war and the British would in brief surrender. This gave rise three distinct motives b ehind voluntary collaboration politico-administrative, politico-diplomatic and the alleviation of the impact caused by the truce on daily life. Despite the fact that in theory the Vichy administration was in control of the diligent Zone this control was very(prenominal) much subjected to German regulation.By actively collaborating with the Germans Vichy leaders hoped to maintain this balance of German intervention in the administration of the country cultisming that not being forthcoming with collaboration would encourage unless loss of Vichy autonomy. The politico- diplomatic motive was based on the assumption that the Germans had won the war and set about creating an environment for favourable peace treaty negotiations with the victorious axis powers.There had already been portentous signs of the division of France in the set-aside(p) Zone for example, The two departments of the Nord and Pas-de-Calais were attached to the German military command in Brussels. (JJ) This was t o prepare for the British invasion however once this was called off the refugees that had been removed from the area were not returned and instead their properties were being ready to be handed over to German settlers.If this was to be the case then it was essential for there to be goodwill between Vichy and the Germans in order to ensure favourable call in the, believed to be, imminent treaty. a good deal of these friendships harkened back to the German annexation of Alsace-Lorraine after French defeat in the Franco-Prussian war of 1870. The one-third consideration behind collaboration was to limit the effects of the armistice on the daily lives of French volume by being cooperative in separate terms of the armistice the French had hoped to limit some of the other strands of the agreement that had become increasingly burdensome.For example, the financial strains being placed on France by the German war effort had been increasingly enigmaatic. These motives exonerate Vichy f rom the stigma associated with a indemnity of collaborationism as they present a concerted desire to preserve French interests. However, whilst these were overarching intentions behind collaboration by becoming actively obscure in appeasing the Germans Vichy began down the slippery slope of complicity that would eventually lead to the extremes of collaboration.For example, Theodor Danneckers radicalisation of anti-Semitic insurance policy in the Occupied Zone meant in order for Vichy to preserve nominal sovereignty (JJ) Vichy had to follow suit and this essentially affect carrying out the anti-Semitic policy of the Germans. One can argue that Vichys complicity in the most extreme anti-Semitic policy was not motivated by its anti-Semitism but to a greater extent(prenominal) the logic of their collaboration policy. Whilst Vichy made anti-Semitic policy one of its initial concerns what is clear is that, to some extent, it was necessitated by the German occupation.Viewing the Occu pation from a contemporary perspective can be problematic especially when it comes to assessing Vichy in terms of its anti-Semitic policy as the treatment of the Jews becomes the dominating factor of the Occupation. However, in order to gain ground a true appreciation of the Occupation one must contend with the fact that the anti-Semitic policy pursued by the Vichy elites was but a facet of the regimes policy and its concerns. Nevertheless, this is not to regularise that Vichy did not have its own autonomous and indigenous anti-Semitic policies.The degree of enthusiasm in which Vichy administrators pursued anti-Semitic policy varies however within the Vichy government many anti-Semites were active who acted out of a very much French interpretation of the Jewish Problem. Xavier Vallat, a Catholic and former member of the revolutionary right wing group Action Francaise and head Commissariat-General for Jewish Questions from 1941-1942 ( CGQJ), remained during his trial before the Hi gh judicatory of Justice in December 1947 unrepentantly anti-Semitic.In fact he used his anti-Semitism as a defence claiming that he cannot be accused of collaborating with the French since his ant-Semitism was authentically French (JJ) However contradictory this whitethorn seem as a defence it sheds light on an important naturalism the crime anti-Semitism was seen as less of a crime than voluntary collaboration. This reality vindicates Vallats claim of his indigenous anti-Semitism his willingness to concede his own anti-Semitism is an attempt to normalise it and thus is revealed an attitude that propagated in right-wing political culture.When one considers Vallat himself was a former member of right wing group Action Francaise that was borne out of the Dreyfus social occasion (1894-1906), in which an innocent Jewish officer was accused of treason having been framed by the military that consolidated with other institutions of the right. We see that this attitude is one that has existed within the political culture of the right within France, one that predates Vichy and perhaps more significantly postdates Vichy. Whats more is that Vallat himself was removed by Laval in April 1942 for is all to a fault observable dis exchangeable of the German occupiers.Vallat was both a passionate anti-Semite and an ardent nationalist what can be garnered from this is that whilst Vichy followed a policy of anti-Semitism this was not done in order to maintain the terms of collaboration with the occupiers rather we see that Vichys autonomous Jewish policy irrefutably has roots in French anti-Semitism. John Sweets argues that Vichy attention had been turned to the Jews from the first months of the regimes existence. Several examples of Vichy anti-Semitic mandate corroborate this view.The Jewish Statute issued in 1940 imposed by the Vichy administration were the beginning of a weather vane of legislation that would deprive Jewish citizens of the right to hold public offic e, befool them a lower kinfolk and eventually denaturalise them. It is noteworthy that this statute was not imposed by the Germans. Whats more is that an command passed by the Germans in September 1940 defining the criterion of being Jewish was extended by Vichy to make more Jewish people susceptible to the anti-Semitic policies in work by both the German and the French.This lead to Dannecker ordering the wider definition of Jewishness to be used in preference to the slightly more suppressive German one. There are several examples of the Vichy administrators going beyond the demands of the occupiers in Jewish policy what this reveals is a truly independent desire to address the aforementioned French interpretation of the Jewish problem . During the years of the occupation the Jews in France became caught between two, not entirely separate but distinct nonetheless, projects of anti-Semitism.The defining duality of the occupation is collaboration and resistance this seemingly cl ear contrast however neglects the complexity of the period. One may assume that being a part of the Resistance entails being opposed to the existence and policy of the Vichy regime however, this was not al counselings the case. Among those in the Resistance were those who supported Petain and the anti-Semitic policies as closely as the contrary.In debating whether Vichy attitudes reflected wider French attitudes the stance of the Resistance form a counterpoint what we see in particular regarding anti-Semitism the lines between Vichy and the Resistance are quite obscure. There was ambivalence towards the plight of the Jews present in Resistance. One responsive to a questionnaire, drafted in October 1943, to evaluate the political attitudes of the Resistance desired all Jews to be kept out of all governmental and public functions another the relegation of all Jews, Freemasons nd former politicians. However, one must not overstate the similarities between the Resistance and Vichy, t hey differed on fundamental lines The Resistance did in fact come to actively oppose Vichy anti-Semitism. However, what is important is that even among the Resistance there was conceived to be a Jewish problem whilst they opposed Vichys methods the roots of anti-Semitism are visible even amongst those who opposed it in Occupied France.This common ground between those considered collaborationists and members of the Resistance created a state in France where one could move into the Resistance without making any fundamental ideological adjustments. This is characterised by Francois Mitterand, who was to later become president of the 5TH republic, who linked the Resistance after being a prominent Petainist. What we witness is that the principals of the Vichy regime were present in that of its opposition. This reality presents the fact that the Vichy regime cannot be viewed as an anomalous French government.Whilst Vichy and the Resistance oppose each other fundamentally the similaritie s between these two distinct bodies reveal that in fact Vichy can be assimilated in terms of its ideals into a wider French political culture. However in order to make this assumption the nature of the Vichy regime itself must be assessed. The nature of Petains regime was authoritarian Julian Jackson comments that Vichy functioned like a court At the centre of the court was Petain. Petain was Head of state and had the power to appoint and drone ministers at will.Indeed the Vichy regime was as turbulent as the Third Republic with there being ministerial reshuffles frequently. Vichy did not view itself as a stop-gap French government the occupation of France and the armistice offered France a historic opportunity for political change. Paxton makes the assertion that the excitement aroused at the introduction of this National Revolution serves as licence that Vichy was no mere caretaker regime but rather that there was general dissatisfaction at the state of the Republic pre second World War and as aforementioned politicians.The National Revolution defined itself in opposition to liberal individualism which uprooted people from the natural communities of family, workplace and religion. Vichy also embarked on a course of study of moral regeneration for France hoping to rid France of its undesirables (mainly Jews, Freemasons and Communists). Vichy also established a personality cult around Petain this involved portraits of the Marshal were commissioned to be placed in municipal buildings in the unoccupied zone. One can trace lineage from the behavior and nature of the Vichy regime from Daladiers Republic that precedes Vichy.The authoritarian style of Daladier is reflected in Petains position as Vichy Premier not save that but Daladiers rhetoric of family values, the portion of religion and moral regeneration are remarkably similar to the stance taken by Petain, this persistency of the mantras of these two government go some way to disprove the post-war my th that Vichy was a reactionary clique. Elements of the Vichy style of government would even postdate the regime in the Fifth Republic under de Gaulle. He in addition believed, like Petain and the Vichy elites, that the former structure of the French Republic was ineffective. e Gaulles revision to the constitution sceptered him and created a more stable but undoubtedly more authoritarian state. Paxton and Marrus make the assertion that The government of Petain did not invent the anti-Jewish programme Every element of this program was present in the years forego the fall of the Third Republic. The wave of anti-Semitism that surged with the arrival of the Vichy regime cannot simply attributed to the anti-Jewish sentiments that erupted in the 30s due to the social and economic issues of the great depression and in the late 30s the fears of a 2nd world war.Anti-Jewish sentiments were an undercurrent in French political and social culture, a volatile force that at sometimes would be r estrained by some external pressure but other times could burst out after having amalgamated with economic or social hardship. For example, the dormancy of anti-Semitism can be attributed to the fact that many French Jews fought and died in the 2nd world war and the third tenet of the French national motto is fraternite. As Maurras described this esthesis of brotherhood led to a semi-tolerance of the Jews at the time.However in the 30s during a time of economic contraction, high unemployment and hardship who more vulnerable a target for blame than the foreigners and Jews? What became central to anti-Jewish sentiment during the 30s a growing obsession with the shortcomings of France. With the sense of insecurity of the 30s Jews became a symbol and cause of this terrible French inadequacy a phrase coined by a contemporary French novelist. This is what allowed anti-Semitic feeling to permeate the sensibilities of the average Frenchman.Similarly the rhetoric of anti-Semitism had become so imbued in the French lexis that one even if spilling against anti-Semitism would speak in a way that would jar modern sensibilities. Anti-Semitism was imbued in France in a way permeated all facets of existence. It is noteworthy that Paxtons seemingly harsh depiction of this historical track of French anti-Semitism is influenced by the time in which he produced his history. Writing in the 70s he set about to dispel the Gaullist myth that had been largely accepted by the French public that allowed Vichy to detached from French social and political history/ culture.Paxtons assertion however does not ignore some shock realities take for example that some 30 years after the Dreyfus affair a production of the contact in Paris was broken up by right-wing toughs. Despite the fact that Vichy collaborators contributed to the genocide of European Jewish population whilst anti-Jewish sentiments were assuaged as Paxton argues they are an undercurrent ever present in French society. rase among who formed the government in the wake of Vichy still possessed this anti-Semitism.Radical Pierre Mendes France PM of the 5th Republic between 1954-55 was forced to resign as his Jewish background made him unpopular with his contemporaries. Not only this but right-wing movements formed in the post-war period the right wing Poujadist movement that was opposed to industrialisation undermining Frances rural wholesome values- remarkably similar to Vichy ethics. However this attitude was not simply maintain among the cliques of right-wing it is noteworthy that Jean Marie Le Pen of the right-wing National Front Party forced a second round of voting in the Presidential election of 2002 having obtained 16. 6% of voting in the first round. Not only do we see a revival of anti-Semitic right wing cliques but as late as 2002 we see genuine support for these movements in France. The simple assertion can be made that if France had not been somewhat accustomed to a political and social cult ure of anti-Semitism the policies enacted by the Vichy regime surely would have been abhorrent to the French public and caused general outrage. However in assessing the response of the French public the different stances of the French is an important consideration as well as the main concerns facing the population at the time.The prevailing attitudes towards the Jewish people at the set out of the period were that of attentisme, indifference and hostility. The French public, on a personal level, had more serious concerns to contend with life in Occupied France was made much more difficult by the fact and many French people sought to look after their own interests therefore the plight of the Jewish people became an occurrence that was largely ignored between 1940-1942. However Julian Jackson makes the distinction that Indifference to the fate of the Jews was not the same as non- involvement in it. This was the case as The application of the both Statutes drew people into complicity with anti-Semitism. Whilst the politicians drafted the measures that would put Jewish quotas in their professions and exclude Jewish teachers the people who ran these professional organisations were made complicit in the anti-Semitism by exacting these measures. Indeed the smoothness in the way in which the Statutes were implemented gives evidence to the disregard of the French people to the unethical nature of the policy.However it is difficult to determine whether the indifference to the plight of the Jews was thence enough to characterise the attitude of the French population as one of active anti-Semitism or whether the attitudes of the French public towards the Jewish population were a result of the need to protect ones own interests during the Occupation or perhaps is it too scathing to the French public to describe them as active in the anti-Semitism? In some cases, the French public acted to reinforce the opinion that they were active in anti-Semitism.In the South of France the exodus of Jews escaping the seemingly more threatening German Occupied Zone encouraged feelings of resentment and, for example, in Nice anti-Semitic incidents frequented. In there was a contrast between Jewish perception of attitudes towards them between the two zones A Jewish observer commented at this time about the bounteous zone here we can still move around freely and dont fear arrest at any moment. But as for the attitude of the French one feels more at home in the Occupied Zone. This serves as evidence that in the unoccupied zone of France there were sentiments of active anti-Semitism present in that the Jewish population were subject of resentment and hostility. However, the reaction towards the Jewish population somewhat changed when the policy transitioned into deportation of the Jews. Sweets charts public reaction to the plight of the Jews as At first indifferent, unresponsive and then hostile to government policy as life became increasingly precarious for the Jews with each modern action against them. Whilst there was an eventual turning point in public opinion regarding the fate of the Jews it seems that the French public were willing to witness the destabilisation of the Jews within France that saw them humiliated and sectioned aside from the rest of French society but drew the line where manifestations of this destabilisation became physical i. e. having to witness babies being tear apart from mothers who are being arrested for deportation to an internment camp.Whilst a formal and somewhat discreet destabilisation of Jewish presence in France had been tolerable the visible sight of this seemed to be unpalatable to the French public. What becomes evident in the enacting of Vichys anti-Semitic policy is that it was extremely reliant on public approval. The ease of which Vichy was able to establish anti-Jewish legislation was reliant on the complicity of the French people who did not have the interests of the Jewish people at the forefron t during the German occupation.However, we see that one this consensus had been broken in 1942 come to the implementation of the concluding Solution Vichy policy loses effectiveness as it is undermined by civil society. We witness that the French population disrespect being complicit largely did in fact have a great deal of influence over the policy of Vichy. Vichy France and the German occupation has and will continue to be a contentious issue in French history.Whilst it is irrefutable that German influence in the occupation had an influence in bringing about the anti-Semitic policy that proliferated under Vichy it is clear that Vichy had its own indigenous roots of anti-Semitism that almost provided this government with a historical inclination to act in the way it did. The complexity of the period disallows any wholesale judgement of the period however, an acknowledgement of the influence of German factors and an understanding of Frances own historical probable for the anti-Se mitic policies allow for a nuanced appreciation of the period.Bibliography Jackson, Julian. France the Dark Years 1940-1944. Oxford Oxford University Press, 2003. Paxton, Robert. Vichy France Old Guard ad New Order. New York Columbia University Press, 2001. Sweets, John. Choices in Vichy France. New York Oxford University Press, 1994. Marrus, Michael and Paxton, Robert. Vichy France and the Jews. Stanford, California Stanford University Press, 1981. Vinen, Richard. The Unfree French Life under the Occupation London Penguin Books, 2007. http//www. wikepedia. com

Tissue Specimen

NO piddle OF TISSUE / SPECIMEN NAME OF THE ORGAN SYSTEM LABEL SPECIMEN FUNCTION DESEASE Type of tissuesection Staining technique REFRENCE MAGNIFICATION bill of exchange / SKETCH 1 Acute Lymphocyte Leukemia cardiovascular System communication channel Type of cancer of the pedigree or bone marrow characterized by an abnormal increase of white blood cells Leukemia Blood taint Hematoxylin http//swc2. hccs. du/bio/labs 451306 pixels 2 Atherosclerosis- Coronary Artery cardiovascular system Located in main arteries of heart period of passing of blood into coronary arteries Arthrosclerosis blockage of coronary artery/ MI heart attack/ CL Giesma Http//www. enome. gov/images Size 215200 pixels 3 Cardiac Muscle Cardiovascular system Heart/ smooth muscleman Contraction and relaxation of muscle for blood flow Congestive heart failure DM Wrights http//swc2. ccs. edu/bio/labs ergocalciferol376 pixels 4 Cystic Duct Digestive system Liver/ gall bladder join passage of common h epiatic duct Estrahepalic Bile Duct Cancer (PDQ) / Gallstones CS silver grey strain http//med. umich. edu/ 512512 pixels 117 kb 5 Dorsal Root Ganglion- Golgi Aparatus eukaryotic cells organelle Cellular Organelle Distribution of cells chemicals products Alzheimers Disease DM Silver Stained http//anatomyatlas. rg/microscopicantatomy/ 472269 pixels 6 Eosinophila Cardiovascular system Blood Causes are allergic reaction or parasitosis condition in which the eosinophil count in the peripheral blood exceeds 0. 45? 109/L Blood Smear Hematoxylin http//www. nurs. org. jp/igaku/s4323 200200 piels 7 Fish Blastodisc Mitosis Section Reproductive system ballock the embryo-forming portion of an egg with discoidal cleavage Mitosis Longitudinal Cross section Giesma http//www. carolina. om/images/enUS 251250 pixels 8 Frog first Cleavage Reproductive System Frog egg During the 3 hour fertilization and pass thru the grayness crescent Mitosis Representative Sagittal Section Giesma http s//bio. rutgers. edu/bm-earl. ,html 215220 pixels 9 uterus fibroid tumor Reproductive System Uterus Is a benign tumor that originates from the smooth muscle layer of uterus carcinosarcoma CS Wrights http//www. obgyn. edu. /images 400320 pixels 10 Goiter Section Endocrine System Enlargement ofThyroid gland Regulating of body metamorphosis and calcium balance. Hyperthyroidism overproduction of thyroid hormone LS Wrights http//pathweb. uchc. edu 432324 pixels 11 Human Blood Smear Cardiovascular System Blood Transport of nutrients and other wastes Leukemia / hemophilia Blood smear Hematoxylin Http//www. aug. edu/biology/1101cspage2 30244 pixels 12 Human Aurobachs plexus Nervous system Parasimpatetic Nervous System provides motor midlandvation to some(prenominal) layers and secretomotor innervation to the mucosa, Achalasia CS Wrights http//en. ikipedia. org/aurebachs plexus 50215 pixels 13 Human Blood Smear (Wrights) Cardiovascular System Blood Transportation of nutrient s and wastes lymphoma, Blood smear Wrights http//download. videohelp. com/visual/med 367192 pixels 14 Human Brain Astrocytes- Silver Stained Nervous System star-shaped glial cells in the brain and spinal cord biochemical support of endothelial cells that form the bloodbrain barrier Neurodegeneration, Alzheimers disease, Parkinson Disease, LS Silver Stained Http//nordiqu. rg/images/IFs 170255 pixels 15 Human breast carcinoma Reproductive System malignant breast neoplasm Cancer originating from breast tissue, intimately commonly from the inner lining of milk ducts Breast Cancer LS Wrights http//www. labvision. c/images/ihcimage 175175 Pixels 16 Human Cardiac Infection Cross section Cardiovascular system Heart Decrease division of heart developing heart failure and valve dysfunction Bacterial endocarditis an infection of the heart valves or the hearts inner lining endocardium Cross section Wrights http//pathmicro. ed. sc. edu 448350 pixels 17 Human Cardiac muscle Inte racted Discs Cardiovascular system Striated bland Muscle Intercalated discs (IDs) are complex adhering structures which connect single cardiac myocytes Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy, ARVC CS DM http//www. 1cro. com/Discovery/cardiacmus. gif 308153 pixels

Accounting Analysis Essay

Michael Burton has recently been leased as the CEO of Tesca kit and boodle, Inc. Previously he had been the marketing manager for a large manufacturing company and had established a reputation for identifying juvenile consumer trends. Tesca Works Inc. is a California-based generator manufacturing company. The company is well known for manufacturing large, heavy generators at a reasonable be. One of its greatest achievements is that its generators can be easily modified or customized for different applications. Also, Tesca Works soon builds commercial appliances.The company is considering an expansion of its current product line to take refrigerator and maybe, sometime in the future, consumer appliances. Mr. Burton feels that due to high energy prices, consumers will be more automatic to consider purchasing new efficient appliances.See more Beowulf essay essayTesca Works Inc. is a California-based generator manufacturing company. The company is well known for its innovation a nd ability to produce high quality products at a reasonable cost. One of its greatest achievements is that its manufacturing processes are adaptable to other durable goods. Also, Tesca Works currently builds commercial appliances.Profile of Tesca Works Tesca Works, Inc. was established by the Smith brothers in 1880 as the Logging aphorism Company. The firm started manufacturing large steam saws to serve the logging assiduity which processed lumber. Their customers were construction companies that provided housing for the creation increase in California. The Smith brothers quickly realized that the times were changing. They started looking for the technologies that would keep them at the headland of their field of business. In 1915, the Smith brothers decided that they requisite to make generators as replacements for the saws. They realized that the logging industry was not viable anymore and that generators were starting to serve the same purpose.The company started making gene rators in the first 1940s. Tesca Works then opted to produce commercial appliances. It was an easy decision to make since the commercial appliances would use common land parts with the companys generators and the customers were local hospitals, schools, and governments. Starting in the 1950s the commercial appliances business accounted for round 50% of Tesca Works revenues.The Refrigerator Mr. Burton arranged a meeting with the firms top solicitude and the chief design and the chief manufacturing engineers to propose a new product. Mr. Burton presented an argument that more individuals in the linked State and Canada would be willing to purchase newer appliances because tribe are becoming more environmentally conscious. The new appliances are more efficient and environmentally friendly. Also, the recent increase in electricity costs seems to be long lasting. This is an opportunity to institute slew hooked on environmentally friendly appliances as he put it.The proposal under consideration is for the introduction of a new, energy star refrigerator. To distinguish Tesca Works from other manufacturers, the proposal included details ab prohibited the convenience, large shelves in the doors, high volume irrigate and ice dispensers, efficiency, and quietness of operation that need to be developed.Mr. Phillips and Mr. Lopez, the two engineers, enthusiastically and quickly pointed out that the needed technology could be based on the companys generators. The framework currently used for structure the generators can be modified to work for appliances at a low cost. The marketing vice president, Mr. Chen, pointed out that the marketing analysis could be done quickly and at a reasonable cost. At this point, Mr. Burton charged the participants in the meeting to produce a financial plan for the development and production of the refrigerator.Consumer Appliances Most people purchase appliances and keep them for a very long time or until they stop working. Some get t hem when they purchase a home and do not think about them.Recently, most power companies started educating people about the efficiency of new appliances and began offering rebates on the most efficient consumer models. These approaches increased public interest. This regenerate the publics interest in low power-consuming appliances.The Decision Three weeks later, the vice presidents presented the sales and cost forecasts shown in the exhibits. The information presented contains the cost of production, financing information, and warranty cost estimates. In addition, there were two options for the compressor in the refrigerators. The MC 004 is more expensive to install, but has a lower warranty cost. The TS L12 is cheaper to install, but has a higher(prenominal) warranty cost. Which compressor should be used?

Gun Accidents Among Children

Guns dont kill people. People kill people. This is a contrive that has been used carelessly over the years. Gun accidents are continuously increasing, and innocent children are the ones who are torment from this carelessness. What happens when those artillery units lie in the hands of our children? Parents lose children, grandparents lose grandchildren, and siblings lose a brother or a sister. Every nine hours a child, under the age of fifteen, dies from a firearm accident. What could be done to get wind that tr fourth-yearies like this do non happen?Childrens idiot box programs should relinquish showing violence, parents and children need to be more educated on this issue, shooters should be locked up, and gun laws need to be exigenter. one reason why gun accidents are occurring with children is because of the violence shown on television programs and video zippys. Children watch more and more television each day. Children also rely a lot on video games for entertainment . The television shows children watch frequently show violence. Video games show people killing monsters with guns. The monster then gets back up and the game continues.Children are very impressionable. What do children think when they see this? The children see this happening on games and television shows and debate the gun is just a toy. They do not see how truly dangerous guns are. Then, children see a real gun and play with it. They shoot themselves or another child believing that they will be just fine. This is because that is all they lay down ever seen. Parents need to monitor childrens television shows and video games carefully. another(prenominal) reason why gun accidents are occurring with children is because of the lack of gun safety education with parents and children.Parents do not have a full understanding of how many accidents happen due to guns. Every parent should give lessons their children how dangerous guns are. Telling a child to not touch a gun is not enoug h. excuse to children what happens when they play with a gun. There are so many programs available for parents to learn as well up as to teach children gun safety. Tell them how they, themselves, could get hurt or hurt another child. larn them to never play with a gun, to let an adult know if they see one. A child as young as three has the strength to pull the trigger. It is a parents right to try hether their children play with toy guns or not. If they choose to do so, educating them on the difference of a toy gun and a real gun is very important. Also, children should not be allowed to pretend to shoot a person. Children eighter from Decatur years and younger cannot tell the difference in a real or pretend gun. One of the most important reasons why gun accidents are occurring with children is because of the accessibility of guns. One-third of both American family that owns a gun does not keep it locked up. Having a gun put up is not going to stop a child from accessing it.In 7 2% of gun accident deaths, injuries, and suicides, in children from 0-19 years old, the gun was kept in their home, a relatives home, or a friends home. That is a large amount of accidents that could have been prevented. Guns and ammunition should be locked up and the keys put away. Always keep the safety on on the gun. Keeping the safety on will prevent a child from unintentional harm if a gun is found. Guns are very dangerous and safety is very important. Never assume your child or other children will know the difference in real and toy guns.Be cautions if a gun is in the home, our childrens lives depend on it. The last reason why gun accidents are occurring with children is because of the gun laws. Laws should be stricter. Firearms should be very difficult to obtain. Gun laws should include a training course for anyone who owns a gun. No one should own a gun that does not understand how it works. An average, five hundred children die every year due to gun accidents. In a survey by Josephson Institute of Ethics, 36% of teenagers aged twelve to nineteen say they could obtain a handgun if they wanted to. Children get these handguns from people selling them on the street. Not every person should be allowed to own a gun. Laws are not strict enough, making purchasing guns an easy task. Parents feel the need to have protection because of the accessibility of guns. If guns were harder to obtain, parents would not have to worry so much. Keeping guns come to the fore of the hands of bad people can keep them out of the hands of our children. In conclusion, gun accidents occur with children and are increasing.Monitoring television programs and video games more closely, educating parents and children on gun dangers, locking guns up, and making gun laws stricter could prevent tragedies from happening. These are simple steps that make a commodious difference. Do not risk the safety of children. Take precautions on preventing accidents. A change has to be made. kit an d caboodle Cited Anderson, George M. America. 172. 8(2010) p. 26-28. Web. 06 Nov. 2012. U. S. National Library of Health. Medline Plus. 18 April 2012. Web. 06 Nov, 2012. Source Nemours Foundation. KidsHealth, Gun Safety. 2012. Web.

Car is dangerous Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Car is touch-and-go - Essay ExampleMost of these cases occur once children are left alone in a hot car. Is happens sometimes when the attendant forgets that in that location were children in the car or when children get into cars without the knowledge of each adult. Within a few minutes the children can be in danger (Heat danger in cars not retributory a summer problem, 2012).In some instances, parents do not like winning their children in and out of that cumbersome car seat. This is when they argue that they are making a quick whimsy stop. However, the stakes are real high.According to Christopher McStay, MD who is an emergency room doctor, it is never okay to discontinue children or pets in a car even when the windows are left down. He says that he has witnessed his part of casualties in the emergency room. According to him, a car is a greenhouse and the temperatures can become very hot in a very short time (Heat danger in cars not just a summer problem, 2012).According to scientists, on a day that is only 72 degrees Fahrenheit, the temperature in a car may rise by 30 or to 40 degrees within an hour, and more than 70 percent of this increase happens within the first 30 minutes (Grundstein, Dowd & Meentemeyer, 2012). They say that there may be heat stroke which may happen once the body temperature exceeds 104 degrees Fahrenheit. That results to the irresistible temperature of the brain causing dizziness, confusion, agitation, seizure, inanition and loss of consciousness or even death (Grundstein, Dowd & Meentemeyer, 2012).The National Highway traffic Safety system advises that when one happens to see a child left alone in hot car, the person should ejaculate 911 right away. And incase the child is in distress because of heat, they should be removed from the car as unshakable as possible (Musso, 2014).According to doctors, it is unfortunate that some child carriers make it difficult to know if there is a child in the seat because

A Comparative Analysis of Two Texts Related to Gender Studies of Youth Essay

A Comparative Analysis of Two Texts Related to Gender Studies of offspring in London - Essay ExampleThe researcher states that while both of these studies are gender related, severally approaches the problem from a distinctly different viewpoint. In fact, both these studies covering aspects of gender and their reverberations in the tender and cultural context of British society have started off from a historical and cultural scene. twain comment on the changes that have occurred in the external environment that have an impact on how at onces youth think and feel. Included also is the change brought about by individualism, consumerism and the economic difficulties in making ends meet. The importance or uselessness of education, the need for money and the need to explore choices and have a good time are all covered being aspects of todays teenagers lives. They are confused and distraught at the lack of guidance that will enable them to achieve their dreams and aspirations, and pi cture for true and valuable input that really makes logical sense rather than being sold courses that may or may not pay off in the long run. The second speculate by Francis makes special mention of the ethnic background of the children studied in three schools across the social strata Vietnamese Asians, Chinese, Indian and Afro-Caribbean children are mentioned. Elements of culture are also visible in classifications of the males as macho lads, donnish achievers, new enterprisers and real Englishmen from the British perspective as compared to conformists, innovators, retreatists and rebels from an Afro-Caribbean viewpoint. Reasons for the Research and its Significance in the Social and diachronic Context Although both books can be regarded as gender studies in their own right a review of each shows that these studies have a very different genesis and raison detre. While the Francis study is modified to boys and girls of adolescent ages and their achievements in a classroom cont ext, the wind et al. study has a distinctly wider perspective and reach. It touches upon choices relating to post high school primarily relating to work on and employment. So in a sense the Ball study starts where the Francis study ends. Nevertheless, both studies it can be seen have their own utility and impact on life in the classroom and on the route to work and employment. Although the context and duration of the Francis study is limited to achievements in the classroom, it also relates the fact that gender discrimination can be seen here in discordant contexts and must be reduced. It is commendable that some changes have been evident since the 1990s, where boys and girls achievements in the GSCE examinations have been decreasing. Similarly we materialise that even out at work, there still exists a glass ceiling for females in management, disciplines comparable teaching and nursing are female dominated, and females are paid less than males for similar work. Added to this is the fact that a married woman has to play the role of wife, mother, office worker, cook, carer and confidante for her boss, family and kids in the course of 24 hours day after(prenominal) day. Admittedly all this is changing in the modern era where we have househusbands and working wives- but the work culture is still male dominated and will take some

CAL Final Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

CAL Final Literature - Essay ExampleThey state further that the screening and use of organizational learning mechanisms embody organizational learning. The utilization of organizational learning mechanisms helps the organization to collect, store, analyze, let on and make use of this information to the benefit of the organization. 2 RESEARCH APPROACH Organizations use inquiry as wizard of the means of creating knowledge. Research is also used to identify problems and find solutions. Lee and Greenley (2010, p. 5) emphasize look for has to be conducted in a business environment but researchers need to make sure that their research has the unavoidable rigor and relevance. The banter further leads to skylinepoints from various authors and one particular viewpoint of induction improvement oddly was significant to me. This was from Evert Gummesson, who argues that for achieving good results and to ensure rigor a researcher should follow an inducive method. This is because inside a deductive method the theory that will be used may be overaged or based in different environments. Therefore, it cannot be adopted to attain the desired results from the research. The principle is that, through with(predicate) the use of inductive onward motion a researcher is not influenced by previously realised theories and starts to beget with collecting information. Within my organization study, I opt to carry out a deductive approach which is contradicting with Evert Gummesson arguments (Lee and Greenley, 2010, p.5). I support this approach as I am not basing my discussion on a particular research or textbook but by analyzing different literatures on the content of employee motivation and organizational behavior. Different point of view and...Organizations use research as one of the means of creating knowledge. Research is also used to identify problems and find solutions. Lee and Greenley (2010, p. 5) emphasize research has to be conducted in a business environment but researchers need to make sure that their research has the required rigor and relevance. The discussion further leads to viewpoints from various authors and one particular viewpoint of induction approach particularly was significant to me. This was from Evert Gummesson, who argues that for achieving good results and to ensure rigor a researcher should follow an inductive method. This is because within a deductive method the theory that will be used may be outdated or based in different environments. Therefore, it cannot be adopted to attain the desired results from the research. The argument is that, through the use of inductive approach a researcher is not influenced by previously established theories and starts to begin with collecting information. Within my organization study, I opt to carry out a deductive approach which is contradicting with Evert Gummesson arguments (Lee and Greenley, 2010, p.5). I support this approach as I am not basing my discussion on a particular research or textbook but by analyzing different literatures on the topic of employee motivation and organizational behavior. Different point of view and findings from researchers would provide a strong point of view for beginning the research.

Ch2 Literature Review of faculty attitudes towered e-learning Dissertation

Ch2 Literature Review of cogency attitudes towered e-learning - Dissertation Example strength attitudes are often perceived to be amongst the main sources that lead towards change efforts in academic programs. at that place are some studies that reveal that faculty development programs make faculty members to become prone to pull in only such changes that they feel are crucial or desired (Costa, McPhail, Smith, and Brisk, 2005, p. 105). Given that e-learning has been made feasible because of naked as a jaybird technology, its efficient use is dependent upon authoritative attitude being adopted by faculty members. There will be more meaningful incentive for using e-learning if faculty attitudes become positive (Liaw Huang, & Chen, 2007). There may be initial reluctance on the part of faculty members to adopt new teaching styles in view of the massive effort that has to be made in adapting to them. It is in this background that there is increasing demand to alter the negative at titudes towards using e-learning amongst faculty members. Only in this elbow room can e-learning teaching requirements be fulfilled. The threats associated with this new style of teaching and technology does not mean that the dangers and risks associated with this ashes should be ignored. ... According to Magnussen (2008), it has become very important to adopt e-learning as a meaningful plectrum for teaching because of the change towards philosophical concepts through which educators are viewed. They are not considered as distributors of educational center but as facilitators of learning. Bai and Ertmer (2004) hire held that faculty attitude towards technology can be made dampen by integrating the available technology with course work provided to faculty members. A significant tone in this regard is that faculty members can teach in the same way as they have been educated. It is very true that computer proficiency cannot be transferred to learners until faculty members adopt positive attitude towards e-learning (Yildirim, 2000, p. 481). Liaw (2006) has brocaded questions if learning institutions will be able to meet the requirements of a diverse student population and transforming societies. Mahdizadeh, Biemans, and Mulder (2007) researched on Perceived self-efficacy of faculty attitudes toward e-learning and found that the use of e-learning by instructors is explained largely in terms of their perceptions about the quantify they get from e-learning systems. The concept of computer self efficacy is derived from Banduras (1986) self-efficacy construct that relates to a persons ability to use computers. Perceived enjoyment is defined as the extent to which the activity of using a specific system is perceived to be enjoyable in its own right, aside from both performance consequences resulting from system use (Venkatesh, 2000, p.343) Perceived enjoyment is the inherent motivation that has a strong